Probably this crowd already knows about Daemen for AES and Moxie from Signal and NYTimes and his HN comments here. Trevor Perrin might not be as familiar of a name, but it should be. He's responsible for much of the meaty crypto underlying the Signal Protocol, and his most recent project, Noise [1], is a real marvel. A prize well deserved.
Last year's Levchin winners were Phil Rogaway (a cryptographer of fame comparable to that of Joan Daemen) and the miTLS team (which discovered the Triple Handshake, SMACK, FREAK, Logjam, and SLOTH TLS attacks).
I think? that's the whole story.
(A pretty intense group).