The upside-down part:

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Before your trip:

• Reduce the data you carry. Consider using temporary devices, deleting data from your regular devices, or shifting data to the cloud.

• Encrypt. Use strong full-disk encryption, not just weak screen-lock passwords.

• Passwords. Use software to make them long, unpredictable, and memorable.

• Backup. In case agents seize your devices, backup your data.

• Power down. Do it before arriving at the border, to block high-tech attacks.

• Fingerprint locks. They are weaker than passwords, so don’t rely on them.

• Apps and browsers. Agents use them to get from devices to cloud content. Consider logging out, removing saved login credentials, and uninstalling.

• But be aware: Unusual precautions may make border agents suspicious.

At the border:

What if border agents instruct you to unlock your devices, provide your passwords, or disclose your social media information? There is no “right” answer.

• Be safe. Stay calm and respectful. Do not lie to agents, which can be a crime.

• If you comply, agents may scrutinize and copy your sensitive data.

• If you refuse, agents may seize your devices. They also may escalate the encoun-ter, for example, by detaining you for more time.

• If you are a U.S. citizen, agents must let you enter the country.

• If you are a lawful permanent resident, agents might raise complicated questions about your continued status as a resident.

• If you are a foreign visitor, agents might deny you entry