If you ignore all the Barbary pirates, across half the North African coast, who went right back to the 12th century. In good part it was in reaction to them, and their slavery raids on English and other coasts across Europe, and their piracy that started the English era of privateers in reaction.

To my considerable surprise, both spellings are apparently correct but I've never seen the "Ralegh" one which would seem to be far less common.