Programmers jobs are often criticized for asking riddles and puzzles, quizzing people on whiteboards, employing 3rd party online quiz boards, and issuing take-home assignments.

Do other industries/professions do something similar?

If you're an electrical engineer do they have you solve circuit diagrams on whiteboards?

If you're a chemist do they quiz you on o-chem problems on a whiteboard?

Is there a medical equivalent of hackerrank where you gain reputation points for diagnosing people properly and lose points when you miss that it's lupus?

If you don't employ these gamified challenge how do you make good hiring decisions?