There is earlier research[1] from the same authors showing the opposite effect. It's unclear to me what changed.

One thing I noticed is that the earlier research took into account productivity increase of the employees due to less commuting time. This certainly benefits the employee and probably the overall economy, but maybe not the employer.

1: https://wfhresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Barrero-A...

All the decrease in productivity related to remote workers is related to bad management. If processes and communications are standardized within teams, there is no productivity decrease. In my company, there is an increase in productivity. There are a huge number of extraverts who want to go back to a desk because they want to fill the day with useless meetings and coffee breaks.