QR codes aren't just for URLs, there is a large array of common formats, but really it is up to the device reading it, and how it processes it.

To me, QR codes are fine, and actually have a lot of good uses, what is the problem is camera software parsing them.

I use a program called binary eye on android, it decodes the whole QR code and displays its value before attempting to do anything. I was this was the standard action.

OCR is pretty much a solved problem. Why not just print the url and have the phone read it? This minimizes the opportunities for havoc, since the url you read is the same as the url that your phone goes to. (Yes, I do recognize the opportunities for being tricky with characters that look like other characters.)

You could have a special symbol, indicating the presence of a url, special typeface etc., to make everything work even better.

I mostly again with the author, except on the NFT point. QR codes are meant for screens, not printed material. They can be set to refresh every 15 seconds. So anywhere there's a QR code there should be a screen

A short URL is no better. Long URLs are ugly and have poor usability.

Many businesses use QR codes like restaurants that allow you to order through a website (long urls that change), what are some alternatives they can use is easy for the daily customer as well as safe?