So if you fail to reproduce you will break that billion year old chain of evolutionary success.
Here's another: you have 2 biological parents, (up to) 4 biological grandparents (go look at Cleopatra's family tree) and so on to an upper bound of 2^n ancestors for the n'th previous generation. At some point this number exceeds the number of organisms that were alive at that time so there are likely one or more individuals in the past who are direct ancestors to everybody.
A consequence of this is that if you go forwards in time ultimately your genetic line will either die out or you will be the direct ancestor of everybody given sufficient time.
But that's because you tend to have much closer relationships with your family and peers than with childless adults. When I change my sample from "my friends growing up" to "my parent's friends when they were growing up", a lot of them never had children. By the numbers, the percentage of households that are families with children has gone down, but it's gone from about 55% in 1970 to 40% in 2022, which is a much less drastic fall than most people would suspect. Being childless is far more normal than children believe.
True to an extent. What you really break in this case is the last inch change that your parents happened to merge in. Your extended families are still there with almost the same genotype.
All your genes are in other people and will continue without you. And your unique configuration of genetics is lost like a droplet in a river. Only around one in a billion people really put their stamp on our genealogy -- and you really need to rape, murder and empire build like Genghis Khan to achieve that kind of thing (and as the population expands it likely gets more and more difficult).
Humans already share 99% of their DNA. Of the 1% that creates our differences, after 5 to 7 generations, depending on how you look at it, the similarity of your descendent's DNA to your DNA would essentially be indistinguishable from noise or random variance in people who you aren't even related to at all.
Talk of lines and blood and bloodlines has more to do with people really wanting to not disappear into oblivion.
Wouldn’t this common ancestor be a certainty? Otherwise aren’t you betting that there were similar mutations in different lines?
I sincerely could not care less. As far as I'm concerned, my blood ends with me. I have absolutely no interest in continuing this endless cycle of bullshit.
You are welcome to have babby, of course, and to also do so in my stead if you are exceedingly concerned about the population count that I won't help grow or maintain, I ain't stopping you since what you do in your bedroom is none of my business (and vice versa, if the above wasn't clear enough).
Darwin experienced this as a father, watching his oldest child die slowly and horribly (probably from cerebral tuberculosis). It would not be a stretch to imagine this experience soured him on traditional religious dogmas.
How the placenta evolved from an ancient virus - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25655346 - Jan 2021 (106 comments)
There is even an infectious variant, a gypsy transposon, that can move to neighboring cells.
> When evolutionary biologists like Chuong mapped the genomes of these cells, they found that the protein that allowed these cells to fuse into a wall, called syncytin, didn’t look like it came from human DNA. It looked more like HIV.
So the entire premise of the placenta evolving from a virus rests on the fact that the organ has a unique function requiring a unique protein in the body. Saying the source probably is a virus seems quite a leap of thought. And aren't there many highly specialized proteins in the body?
Has anybody has some more information on what protein in a retrovirus looks similar to syncytin?
This field is called paleovirology, and the paper also discusses in some more detail how fragments of viral DNA can end up in human DNA.
The species that is now Mitochondria was an entirely different species.
We carry Mitochondrial DNA, while the human side is Nuclear DNA…nucleus of every cell.
Birth as we know it wouldn’t have happened without a third species invading our cells. We know it as placenta.
Profound that we fight microbes, but without two (that we know about), our species literally (accurate use) would not exist.
At all.
Just, wow.
There's nothing special about our species. If things had happened different would the species that would have been in our place (whatever that means) be better or worse by any metric one chooses? There's no point in wondering about that.
We aren’t the only species with the placenta…horses, for example…
One species among many.
Having more individuals around by itself would also lead to mutations which the environment may select for in the future. By itself there is no such thing as a beneficial mutation (gene import) unless the environment proves it to be.
The argument is _not_ that we should change our strategy of doing the best we can with the information we have. Just that we should have some humility about what we can and can't actually predict, or say with certainty.
It's all academic of course, we'll never make such a decision, and never know what could have been. It's just another reminder that we don't really know the future or the best course of action in these situations -- we're just taking our best guess (even the experts).
Also, a 15% drop in 50 years is nothing to scoff at. In America, we are below the replacement fertility rate of 2.1 children per woman. Currently it is at 1.7, so our population would be declining without immigration. [1] This is not a bad thing in my opinion, but it is extremely significant in terms of politics, culture, and economics. If our fertility rate continues to drop expect to start hearing about it more often and at higher volume from many different corners.
I’m pretty sure the “I’m too poor to have a family” perspective stems directly from the wild increases we’ve see in the price of housing and not a whole lot else.
The wild increases in the price of housing is a symptom of the same dynamic we've seen throughout time, of competition over resources and survival of the "fittest" (where "fittest" occasionally means most brutal/devious/selfish). The differences are that a.) The (white) Baby-boom generation (in the U.S.) bucked the trend and enjoyed abundance and very little selection pressure. Note that the story was very different if you were black (where you had the gains of the Civil Rights movement, only to have the rug pulled out from under you with the 70s inflation and 80s crack epidemic) or if you were Chinese (where you probably died in the Cultural Revolution or Great Famine) or Russian / Eastern European (where you likely drank yourself to death after the breakup of the Warsaw Pact). And b.) that in our "civilized" society, we prefer to let people die rather than kill them outright. Not so for the WW1/WW2 generation.
Ed. Of course this only works if some males have more than one reproductive partner over their life span. Serial monogamy, escapades, and polygynie are the obvious probable factors in skewing the symmetry. I might have missed some less obvious ones, but can't think of any right now.
The only point I'm hoping people will take, is that we shouldn't be so quick to make categorical statements about the future; like we know exactly how things will play out. I don't know for sure. You don't know for sure. The experts don't know for sure.
You’re taking an impossible to prove hypothetical that would require omniscient level reasoning and predictive powers to prove or disprove - it’s not a productive line of reasoning and you’re falling into the exact same trap you’re accusing others of doing. The WWII example is also highly flawed because that one was experts making strategically reasonable calls. Worrying about some hypothetical virus that in the distant future is critical is not strategically reasonable - it’s science fantasy.
Even in that scenario, it is very simple, we protected the people today and use vaccines to induce the necessary mutation. The moral choice in my book is to always err on the side of the living than "potential of the living".
For instance, the British military planners allowed soldiers to die on the battlefield, who they could have saved, in order to protect the secret that they had cracked German encryption during WWII. That was a place where the needs of the many, were deemed more valuable than the lives of the few.
I'm not judging one way or the other, but it has happened in human history more than once. And in the imaginary scenario where leaders had perfect knowledge of the future, it would likely happen again.
This is not a very good comparison, in my opinion. Military is rarely about the "needs of the many" far more than it is about the "powers that be". Once you understand the dynamic at a play, it is rather clear that the soldiers died for what soldiers almost always die for; the regimes that pushes them to war.
I'm not assuming anything. I'm following the science as reported in the article above. That in FACT a virus lead to an important part of human development. And was in FACT beneficial. Those are true facts, if you trust the science.
> If the virus hadn’t come along, humanity as it stands today may not exist but whatever animal was infected could potentially have kept reproducing / another virus would accomplish what happened anyway. Those are far more likely scenarios.
You literally immediately launched into assuming a counterfactual (that didn't happen, you just made it up).
> You’re taking an impossible to prove hypothetical that would require omniscient level reasoning
Yes, and I made it clear that's what I was doing. And I explicitly said it was an imaginary situation that would never happen. I was using it for illustrative purposes for people who are flexible enough in their thinking. I'm sorry that isn't you.
This means that a hive in some ways is best thought of as a single organization, which happens to have a "distributed" body.
In that view, the non reproducing individuals are propagating their DNA in the same sense that human liver cells do, even though they don't have the direct involvement that down and egg cells do.
I'm not sure that "99%" similar is the right way to think about chimpanzees and humans. We have a different chromosome number. Our chromosome 2 is a roberstonian fusion of two acrocentric chromosomes found in all other great apes, including chimpanzees and bonobos.
I'm taking about the sense in which you share 50% of the DNA with a sibling or payment.
The basics of cellular respiration are always the same on this planet.
single organization = single organism down and egg = sperm and egg
I’m responding to this and saying that’s not an accurate way to frame it. I’m saying you are participating in evolutionary success even if you don’t reproduce. For example, a more social family where there are siblings that don’t reproduce and instead invest in the success of the reproductive sibling’s offspring is still evolutionary success and would be being selected for through your whole families reproductive success as a whole rather than your individual success.
The argument being made here is similar to the argument that sterilizing would result in removal of genes from the pool - it doesn’t work because gene selection is very complicated and doesn’t solely rely on individual reproduction.
Memes like kindness, empathy, planning ahead, being honest with yourself (and preferably others), communicating your intentions clearly ahead of time, and how good parenting takes more emotional labor and emotional intelligence than, say, the kind of parenting that solely consists of yelling when the parent does not receive the desired response from the child.
Genes are not the only thing the next generation needs.
Those are different things.
First, human beings are not bees or ants. Our nature vis-a-vis reproduction is quite different. Most human beings do reproduce as that is our nature, or certainly most of us used to with the exception of periods of social collapse (think of Rome). We're in that sort of condition now, where we are having little or no children in the developed world. This does not bode well and at some point the decline of such a society will become irreversible.
Of course, you are right that not everyone must reproduce, that there is no particular obligation for anyone to reproduce, and that those who do not can still contribute to the well-being of their families, the human species, and the common good. And indeed, if you are, say, a Catholic, you would say that while having children is the natural course and the normal path for most people, a small minority are called to sacrifice this natural end for the sake of a higher supernatural, spiritual end, e.g., the priesthood, by which one becomes a spiritual parent in place of a biological one. Certainly, we can be parental figures in non-biological ways as well. Even biological parents do that.
But that's not that we're seeing behind the present demographic decline. Something like the priesthood is an exception, not the rule. Most who can have children of their own are not having them, or many of them, not because of some kind of exceptional higher calling, but rather for morally dubious reasons. Children are demanding. They require sacrifice. They demand the love known as charity. A consumerist is going to view a child not as a gift, but a burden. Furthermore, our society demonizes families, especially large families (perhaps in part stemming from Protestant attempts to restrict Catholic populations in the US). Having many children used to be seen as a blessing, a privilege. Today, we both think we're entitled to having children (IVF is a testament to that), and refuse to have them.
Nowhere do I argue that you should or shouldn’t reproduce or that either outcome affects your perceived or actual value. The word “fail” seems to be doing a lot of heavy lifting in your perceptions here.
The factual and pragmatic view today is that if you can't afford a large home, one parent taking a lot of time off of work, and $120K+ in education bills then you are not setting your offspring up for success, this is not based on your personal morality, it is based on economics, and on statistical observations of the population.
Ergo your lionizing of people who have have children actually amounts to a defense of the economically privileged, and you assert that the benefactors of the systemic increase of wealth inequality in our society are the most moral people. It's despicable really. Go eat your cake, pig.
There's a popular line of thought that motherhood is below a working woman, and men and woman alike are enjoying increased ease of living and a consumerism lifestyle. The folk who still have to stretch and sacrifice to make ends meet already have the mindsets needed for children (sacrifice, hard work) and aren't affected by the line of belief that motherhood is 'below' since they already have learned not to compare themselves to others.
Again this is speculation. I am not a sociologist.
It's not fair to try raise a child in those conditions, so we choose not to for their sake more than ours.
Regardless, you’ve taken this whole thing in a weird direction bringing up a demographic collapse that is a fringe theory at the moment. As for that hypothesis, there’s no actual indication that humanity is in any danger of a collapse just because the boomer generation is passing and our numbers return to normal. Humans can reproduce quite quick and have a long reproductive lifecycle - if it ever becomes a problem society will change to priority life more. As it is, life has gotten pretty difficult in terms of supporting kids and people having fewer is a symptom of that and not consumerism as you claim. And children are both a blessing and a burden. If they weren’t a burden then the statistics about teenager births and the outcome for the parents and babies wouldn’t be as bad as they are.
Show me the actual numbers where this isn't a massive change in humanity in the future?
This is not a fringe theory. The effects of the collapse we can theorise on, but the collapse will happen now. It's not a question or a theory.
I think it has a lot more to do with feminism than any Protestant/Catholic divide. In the Protestant church I attend, having 6+ kids is pretty normal. Certainly many evangelicals don’t value large families but I think they’re getting that mindset from the culture, rather than sacred Scipture.
Here's an article on the topic: https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/oct/25/women-w... - that's about a decade old and the evidence/trend has only grown.
Children are just another one of those things that is increasingly out of reach for the American middle class, along with property ownership, health care etc. For the poster I responded to to ignore the economic data and paint the middle class and ordinary human beings as being selfish and immoral is perverse.
I've also noticed this trend, richer societies have less children and poorer societies have more children.
Absolutely no politician (aka the people charged with population and demographic concerns) actually points this out, though. Probably because it goes against a lot of narratives and the simple solution it implies is brutally unpalatable for pretty much everyone.
I also notice that every single would-be or could-be parent inquired says they can't afford it, while also clearly enjoying many luxuries that being poor would actively prohibit. I presume they all keep claiming the issue is money because who doesn't like free handouts from the government just by saying you'll have kids? Get 'em while the getting's good. I'm not talking about just the US, either.
Anyway, I believe the only true solution to declining birth rates is simply to become poor again as a society. It's the only logical solution when becoming richer clearly leads to less children.
It depends on what you mean by collapse. Is it that population will decline globally for a bit to a new equilibrium point? Sure I can believe that because boomers were a huge population bubble after WWII and there have been lots of living standard advancements since then (a huge one being family planning options being more and more available to the world’s population). It’s also important to remember that the population bubble was also driven by significant life extension and health advancements in medicine and nutrition without any real birth control being available so the lag until birth control became available results in another population bubble.
None of that is particularly dire. And btw, it’s not even clear to me that the population will actually start decreasing. And even if it does, believing it’s some runaway effect that can’t be fixed within 20 years once we notice it seems myopic as well.
The position you’re taking though, that population will not only decline but that there’s no bottom to it and society will collapse, is the Elon Musk doomer talking point that this somehow portends the end of countries or civilizations or humanity itself. There’s simply no evidence and no realistic mechanism of action for something that extreme. Human populations have always ebbed and flowed and the exponential growth we’ve seen since the Industrial Revolution is not the norm nor is it sustainable.
> This is not a fringe theory. The effects of the collapse we can theorise on, but the collapse will happen now. It's not a question or a theory
Again - you’ve stated something quite extreme without providing any support and then tried to shift the responsibility for providing evidence to the person doubting your wild claim. That’s not how it works, sorry. It is a hypothesis that there’s demographic collapse until it’s either happened or there’s credible evidence it will happen. Right now afaik neither is true.
Imagine we have a society with 100 people with a fertility rate of 1, that give birth at 20 and die at 80. Here is how that looks:
---
Year 0: 100 newborns (Population is actually 300 at this point)
Year 20: 100 twenties, 50 newborns
Year 40: 100 forties, 50 twenties, 25 newborns Year 60: 100 sixties, 50 forties, 25 twenties, 12 newborns
Year 80: 50 sixties, 25 forties, 12 twenties, 6 newborns
Year 100: 25 sixties, 12 forties, 6 twenties, 3 newborns
Year 120: 12 sixties, 6 forties, 3 twenties, 1 newborn
within 120 years you've gone from 300 people to 22 people
Korea is worse than this. Japan is close, Europe is getting close. A birth rate of 1 is not impossible worldwide soon.
Also you focus on individual countries and yet worldwide the population keeps increasing.
After few generations, population comes back to some level where economic competition to raise kids is reduced. Also, most of the lineages of people who chose not to have kids would have been wiped out or atleast somewhat reduced (Natural selection at play). So the people living in the future are likely to have kids on the condition that there is no economic penalty.
So humanity extinction due to demographic decline is less likely. Instead it might happen due to something like nuclear war. More details: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi_paradox#It_is_the_nature...
I'm just guessing, because I haven't encountered the term and I'm not finding much about it on google. Certainly nothing from scientific or authoritative sources. I guess one article from FT uses the term to describe China's population decline.
We also have tinder etc and a bunch of other changes that are HUGE in terms of culture.
I'm not saying any of these are bad, and there's not way we are going back to no contraceptives. But to ignore the effects of these, ESPECIALLY as birth rates are trending down EVERYWHERE, is pushing your head in the sand.
You are making a lot of assumptions, and as my example shows, if your assumptions are wrong for say ~50 years, you've already made a huge dent in your populations makeup.