There was an article on NPR a long time ago about how Airlines are required to offer service for low volume areas (high coast low profit) in exchange for getting rights to high volume areas (high profit).
Given the ruling by the 5th circuit one could argue that this is a tax on businesses and that businesses might as well stop flying to low vine or small airports.
But on the other hand this might be good for users of cash. As a cash user I'm charged a higher price to pay for a service that I'm not using. Specifically paying the credit card surcharges when I'm only using cash. Technically, according to the ruling, this could be construed as a tax to provide Universal credit card service.