Simply stating a false fact about a person, by itself, isn't enough to trigger liability. I don't think misstatement of a person's height is per se defamatory; the plaintiff will have to prove damages (as well as prove Google acted at least negligently).
But as you say, it's very hard to see how saying someone is shorter than they are is defamatory in the first place. There would have to be some additional circumstance that makes such innocuous misinformation damaging.