Back to FreeBSD – Part 2 – Jails(hypha.pub) |
Back to FreeBSD – Part 2 – Jails(hypha.pub) |
I get saying "we don't need these additional layers/abstractions" but what it ignores is me saying "I want to run this code, and what I have is a suite of Docker based behaviour and I want a low friction path to use that Docker compose method, to get where I want"
They also haven't yet addressed how things re-scale sideways. Pods, and scaling is why people wind up behind traefik or caddy, fronting a service. It's not because the service lies in RFC1918 (how I wish they had written kubernetes to V6 native) it's because the service is being delivered by multiple discrete runtime states "inside" and scales horizontally.
Contrary to popular belief load-balance/scaleout is orthogonal to containers (and k8s is only one of the ways to go about it), so obviously it's not discussed in an article about containers.
In my practice it was completely normal to build things inside a container to be deployed on Linux using the same sources and basically the same package names and versions as used on a developer macOS machine (which is BSD-like enough down below).
Ten years in with Docker and Linux containers I felt something was very wrong so I looked at how Solaris and FreeBSD were doing it and I saw the light (too).
I would agree with them: bringing the Dockerfile format to jails doesn't make any sense, unless you just want to attract curious Linux users.
Dockerfiles are useful and familiar but are also an abomination.
What we need is solid way to do configuration management. I guess this is what they are trying to do with their own configuration system [1] but I am not sold on it yet.
Anyway those people are doing some good work !
- [0] https://jail.run/
Behind each image you have a Containerfile [0] and a compose.yaml [1] And inside the Containerfile for Gitea you simply have a `RUN pkg install -y gitea` [2], so basically here it is the good old FreeBSD Gitea port [3]
I guess this is really a Linux/Docker users friendly wrapper on the 30 years old FreeBSD ecosystem?
When I came from Linux to FreeBSD, Gitea was one of the first service I ran in a jail to learn how it all works. What I was happy to discover is I just need to do `pkg -j mygiteajail install gitea` to install Gitea in the jail with all the rc scripts, etc.
The jail abstraction was just one option (`-y`) in pkg ! This is really the beauty of the all integrated FreeBSD. So to be honest the Daemonless have, in some case at least, made everything more complicated in my view...
- [0] https://github.com/daemonless/gitea/blob/main/Containerfile....
- [1] https://github.com/daemonless/gitea/blob/main/compose.yaml
- [2] https://github.com/daemonless/gitea/blob/9bb9151d31ae6574e5f...
I find dockerfile layering to be unsatisfying because step 5 might depend on step 2 but not 3 or 4... the linearisation of a DAG makes them harder to maintain and harder to cache cleanly (with us also having monster single-line CMDs all in the main of image results).
So is there a better way that people are using?
With IBM and Unisys big iron predating ever further in the historic evolution, outside UNIX based operating systems.
Perhaps formalisation lends values, which deploy in the analysis of field research.
Code 11
Identification of C++ develeopers
Compilation of C++ code into Python
Recursive .py scripts that are sector-enframings of the general "neural" framework deployment.
It isn't a complete answer, but the position as I understand it (haven't had to care for a long time) is that a LOT of linux binaries can work.
-ish. There's a compatibility layer that works at the libc level but not the syscall level. In practice anything open source that works in emulation almost certainly has a FreeBSD version and anything proprietary that actually needs Linux will work better in a VM.
My main culprit with FreeBSD is that upgrading the kernel is not a simple dnf update command. But its still easier than upgrading RHEL from 9 to 10.
To run a Linux distribution in jail you need 2 things:
- Enable "Linux Binary Compatibility"
- copy your Linux distribution base filesystem in the chroot or just pick on that is packaged in FreeBSD and do 'pkg install' (Rocky and Ubuntu if I remember correctly)
But you might not even need to "Run a Linux distribution". Just enabling "Linux Binary Compatibility" and executing the binary often works fine if it doesn't depends on a bunch of libraries.
It is really that simple.
That's like saying an Ubuntu .deb will work on Gentoo because it's all Linux anyway. It's not that simple. There is dependencies and there are differences in the packages, package managers and surrounding system for a reason. It's not 1:1. Perhaps the naming scheme happened to line up for the packages you where using, but this should be considered not assumed.
It would be nice if there was some sort of translator that could handle "most common cases". I think it would improve the usability of Jails. Perhaps that would require someone to keep a list of packages mapping certain packages between operating systems.
Something like "apt install python3-serial" -> "pkg install py311-pyserial" may suffice.
For anyone that would use something like that, you should implement a prototype, publish it and perhaps someone else will build upon what you started!
It would tremendously benefit almost everyone if it were.
> There is dependencies and there are differences in the packages, package managers and surrounding system for a reason.
Yeah, the NIH syndrome. And sometimes, of course, there are decent technical reasons as well.