The use of this data to target communities for foreign aid is touched on in passing.
The paper indicates that GiveDirectly did pilot this algorithm in 2014 but does not seem to have numbers on an accuracy increase/decrease and assigns a probable increase to consistency and elimination of human error.
We use a rigorous audit process. 100% of the households we enroll are audited by a second field team that operates completely independently from the team responsible for enrollment. Senior staff audit a smaller proportion of recipients. We also call our recipients after sending them money to learn more about their experiences. To date, 1% of recipients called report paying a bribe to a village official, and less than 1% report paying a bribe to a mobile money agent.
For everything else, there's Watsi.