Here's how I did it as someone previously competent in C, C#, Java, etc.
I started here: https://go.dev/learn/
1. Did the Go Tour: https://go.dev/tour/welcome/1
2. Then Getting Started: https://go.dev/doc/tutorial/getting-started
Then, I started a non-trivial project using the excellent Go docs and LearnXinYMinutes as references. https://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/go/
Once I kind of got the hang of Go, I started using Go by Example much more. I've never read a Go book.
With competent prompting, Claude.ai seems pretty good at generating Go code and explaining Go code and this has really accelerated it for me.
All together, I started from not knowing Go to beginning on a non-trivial program in my first 4 hours. It was super great.